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Zoonosis - Zoonosis symptom, treatment, causes


Zoonosis is an infectious disease that can be transmitted to humans from animals and birds - domestic, feral and wild. In some zoonoses transmission is by intermediate carriers such as mosquitoes or ticks. Zoonosis are not uncommon diseases: they may affect farm workers, campers, and anyone who works with animal products or is exposed to soilor water contaminated by infected animals.

Zoonotic diseases are often mild in nature but prolonged in duration, and they may have long-term consequences. Examples are ANTHRAX, BRUCELLOSIS, HYDATID DISEASE, LEPTOSPIROSIS, ORF, PSITIACOSIS and Q FEVER. Many are notifiable Public health measures to prevent human infection include control of transmitter insects and making people aware of the risks and how to avoid them of the zoonotic diseases mentioned, only Q fever has an effective vaccine available.

Zoonosis is an infectious disease that can be transmitted to humans from animals and birds - domestic, feral and wild. In some zoonoses transmission is by intermediate carriers such as mosquitoes or ticks. It normally affects animals, especially ruminants (such as goats, cattle, sheep, and horses), but can be transmitted to humans by contact with infected animals or their products or by biological warfare. Whilst the reported instances of transmission of disease between domesticated animals and humans are not that frequent, they nevertheless represent a significant disease prevalence. Some zoonotic diseases are well known, such as rats (plague), deer tick (Lyme disease). Others are not as well known. For example, elephants may develop tuberculosis, and spread it to humans.

A zoonosis is simply an animal disease which can be transmitted to people. Anthrax is a zoonosis. There are different methods of transmission for different diseases. In some cases, zoonotic diseases are transferred by direct contact with infected animals, much as being near an infected human can cause the spread of an infectious disease. Other diseases are spread by drinking water that contains the eggs of parasites. The eggs enter the water supply from the feces of infected animals. An insect, such as a flea or tick, feeds on an infected animal, then feeds on a human. In the process, the insect transfers the infecting organism. Examples are anthrax, brucellosis, hydatid disease, leptospirosis, or psitiacosis and fever. Many are notifiable Public health measures to prevent human infection include control of transmitter insects and making people aware of the risks and how to avoid them of the zoonotic diseases mentioned, only Q fever has an effective vaccine available.

Causes of Zoonosis

The common Causes of Zoonosis :

  • Rabbits may carry plague and Q-Fever.
  • Cats may carry the causative organisms for plague, anthrax , cowpox, tapeworm, and many bacterial infections.
  • Bats are important rabies carriers, and also carry several other viral diseases that can affect humans.
  • Horses may carry anthrax, rabies, and Salmonella infections.
  • Sheep and goats may carry rabies, European tick-borne encephalitis, Salmonella infections, and many bacterial and viral diseases.
  • Dogs may carry plague, tapeworm, rabies, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, and Lyme disease.
  • Birds may carry Campylobacteriosis, Chlamydia psittaci, Pasteurella multocida, Histoplasma capsulatum, Salmonellosis, and others.

Symptoms of Zoonosis

Some common Symptoms of Zoonosis :

  • Fatigue.
  • Abdominal pain.
  • Weakness.
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Difficulty in eating.
  • Diarrhea.

Treatment of Zoonosis

  • Prolonged treatment with rifampin, which penetrates cells with streptomycin or tetracyclin is used to treat human Brucella infections.
  • Raccoons have increasingly become peridomestic animals living in close proximity to human residen
  • Many zoonotic diseases that are passed by eating the meat of infected animals can be prevented by proper cooking of the infected meat.
  • Plague is prevented by elimination of the rats-a common source of the infection-and of fleas that carry the disease from rats to humans.

 

 


Zoonosis - Zoonosis symptom, treatment, causes

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