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Home :: Family Health :: Tardive Dyskinesia Tardive Dyskinesia - Tardive Dyskinesia symptom, treatment, causes
In Tardive Dyskinesia, Involuntary, stereotyped movements that may develop as a side effect of certain drugs used in the treatment of severe psychiatric illness. The movements are usually slow and writhing, resembling those of CHOREA. The jaws, lips and tongue are most often affected, causing repetitive chewing movements and lip-licking. Tardive dyskinesia usually disappears if the drug causing the problem is discontinued.
Tardive dyskinesia is a neurologic syndrome that results from prolonged use of neuroleptic drugs (also called antipsychotic drugs). Neuroleptic drugs are generally prescribed for psychiatric disorders, as well as for some gastrointestinal and neurological disorders. The prevalence of tardive dyskinesia is estimated to be 10 to 20 percent of individuals treated with anti-psychotic medications. The elderly are more susceptible to persistent and irreversible tardive dyskinesia than younger people. Tardive dyskinesia is characterized by repetitive, involuntary, purposeless movements. Features of the disorder may include grimacing, tongue protrusion, lip smacking, puckering and pursing, and rapid eye blinking. Rapid movements of the arms, legs, and trunk may also occur. Approximately 60 to 70 percent of the cases are mild, with about 3 percent being extremely severe. Severe cases may involve problems such as difficulty swallowing, speech interference, cosmetic disfiguration, and respiratory trouble.
Tardive dyskinesia is a disorder that causes involuntary movements (especially of the lower face). The abnormal movements include tongue thrusting, repetitive chewing, jaw swinging, and/or facial grimacing. The most commonly used offending neuroleptics are old-generation antipsychotic medications, such as haloperidol, trifluoperazine, or fluphenazine. They act by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain. The condition may be reversible, if recognized in the earliest stages, by stopping the causative agent, but may be permanent. On occasion, the condition may become significantly worse, even if the antipsychotic drugs are stopped.
Symptoms of Tardive Dyskinesia
Some common Symptoms of Tardive Dyskinesia :
- Chewing.
- Puckering lips.
- Rapidly moving arms, legs, or body .
- Twisting the tongue.
- Pelvic thrusts.
- Noisy breathing
- Foot tapping .
- Blinking eyes.
- Moving fingers as if playing the piano.
- Sticking out the tongue.
- Writhing movements
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