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Home :: Family Health :: Haematoma
Haematoma - Haematoma symptom, treatment, causes
Haematoma can be defined as the localised collection of blood that has leaked into the tissues from ruptured blood vessels, usually as a result of injury. Common haematomas are those occurring around fractures, under nails, and in the tissues around an eye following a blow that results in a black eye. Many haematomas disappear spontaneously, but those that are large or cause pain or symptoms due to pressure on nearby tissues may need surgical drainage. The most dangerous haematomas are those that occur inside the skull following head injury and put pressure on the brain
A haematoma is a collection of blood, and can occur anywhere where bleeding occurs. Common haematomas are those occurring around fractures, under nails, and in the tissues around an eye following a blow that results in a black eye. Many haematomas disappear spontaneously, but those that are large or cause pain or symptoms due to pressure on nearby tissues may need surgical drainage. Hematomas can gradually migrate, as the effused cells and pigment move in the connective tissue. For example, a patient who hurts the base of his thumb might cause a hematoma which will slowly move all through the finger within a week. The most dangerous haematomas are those that occur inside the skull following head injury and put pressure on the brain. Hematomas on articulations can reduce mobility of a member and present roughly the same symptoms as a fracture. Subdural haematomas are caused by head injuries following a severe blow to the skull. This type of injury might be sustained in a road traffic accident, or when playing an aggressive contact sport, such as boxing. The main concern when a haematoma develops is that infection may develop (blood is a perfect medium for infections) and that the wound may open up. The usual treatment of haematomas in this area is physiotherapy (a treatment called ultrasound is helpful).
Causes of Haematoma
The common causes and risk factor's of Haematoma include the following:
- Alcoholic dementia.
- Multi-infarct dementia.
- Head injury.
- Subdural haematoma and other tumours.
- Alzheimer's disease.
Symptoms of Haematoma
Some sign and symptoms related to Haematoma are as follows:
- Confusion.
- Visual disturbance.
- Loss of consciousness.
- Headache.
- Paralysis on one side of the body.
Treatment of Haematoma
Here is list of the methods for treating Haematoma:
- Small haematomas can be treated by aspirating the fluid via needle and syringe whilst the pet is under sedation.
- Larger, or recurrent smaller haematomas, need to be incised with a scalpel and stitched. This is done under a general anaesthetic. A small piece of skin is removed from the underside of the pinna and the haematoma fluid drained away.
- Blood clots sometimes clear without the need for surgery. Blood thinning drugs may also be given.
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