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Kanamycin Sulfate - Learn about Kanamycin Sulfate Side Effects and Precautions

Kanamycin Sulfate Information

The pharmacology action of Kanamycin Sulfate is that it inhibits production of bacterial protein, causing cell death. Patients with renal function impairment or diminished glomerular pressure excrete kanamycin more slowly. May build up excessively high blood levels that lead to increased risk of ototoxic reactions.

Kanamycin Sulfate is used treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms, especially gram-negative bacteria.

Interaction and Contraindication of Kanamycin Sulfate

Interaction of Kanamycin Sulfate - Beta-lactam antibiotics (eg, cephalosporins, penicillins):  Do not mix in IV solutions.
Digoxin, methotrexate, vitamin A, vitamin K:  Oral kanamycin may decrease absorption of these drugs.
Drugs with nephrotoxic potential (eg, amphotericin, cephalosporins, enflurane, methoxyflurane, vancomycin):  Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
Loop diuretics:  Increased auditory toxicity.
Neuromuscular blocking agents:  Enhanced effects of these agents.
Polypeptide antibiotics:  Increased risk of respiratory paralysis and renal dysfunction.

Contraindication of Kanamycin Sulfate - Hypersensitivity to aminoglycosides; intestinal obstruction (oral). Generally not indicated for long-term therapy (more than 14 days) because of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity.

Side Effects o f Kanamycin Sulfate

Here are the list of some common side effects ofKanamycin Sulfate :

• Neuromuscular blockade.
• Hearing loss; deafness; loss of balance
• Malabsorption syndrome (eg, increased fecal fat, decreased serum carotene, fall in xylose absorption); nausea; vomiting; diarrhea.
• Oliguria; proteinuria; elevated serum creatinine and BUN; granular casts; red and white cells in urine; decreased Ccr.
• Pain and irritation at injection site; acute muscular paralysis; hypomagnesemia

Precaution and Warning while taking Kanamycin Sulfate

The precaution and warnings of Kanamycin Sulfate drug is as follows:

• Advise patient that drug may cause nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.
• Instruct patient to drink plenty of fluids while taking medication.
• Emphasize importance of follow-up visits and serial audiograms, because ototoxicity may be asymptomatic.
• Instruct patient to report the following symptoms to health care provider: ringing in ears, hearing impairment, rash, difficulty urinating, or dizziness.

How to store Kanamycin Sulfate

• Do not mix with other antibacterial agents; administer separately.
• For IV administration, dilute each 500 mg with 100 to 200 mL or more of 0.9% Sodium Chloride or D5W. Give slowly over 30 to 60 min.
• Give IM injection deeply into upper outer quadrant of gluteal muscle.
• Store at room temperature. Darkening of vials during shelf life does not indicate loss of potency.